chore: update golang to 1.24.1 (#17035)

- Update go.mod to use Go 1.24.1
- Update GitHub Actions setup-go action to use Go 1.24.1
- Fix linting issues with golangci-lint by:
  - Updating to golangci-lint v1.57.1 (more compatible with Go 1.24.1)

🤖 Generated with [Claude Code](https://claude.ai/code)
Co-Authored-By: Claude <noreply@anthropic.com>

---------

Co-authored-by: Claude <claude@anthropic.com>

helm/provisioner/tests/chart_test.go

@@ -160,7 +160,7 @@ func TestRenderChart(t *testing.T) {
 					require.NoError(t, err, "failed to read golden file %q", goldenFilePath)
 
 					// Remove carriage returns to make tests pass on Windows.
-					goldenBytes = bytes.Replace(goldenBytes, []byte("\r"), []byte(""), -1)
+					goldenBytes = bytes.ReplaceAll(goldenBytes, []byte("\r"), []byte(""))
 					expected := string(goldenBytes)
 
 					require.NoError(t, err, "failed to load golden file %q")